Although the Australia selectors do not officially reassess the squad until after the Lord's Test it is a strong indication that Neser, who was initially called up to replace Josh Hazlewood for the World Test Championship final, will remain with the Ashes group.
Swepson is expected to make his debut against Sussex on Sunday. It will be his first experience of county cricket and comes a few months after he lost is Cricket Australia contract.
He had made his Test debut last year in Pakistan and played four matches across that tour and the Sri Lanka series which followed.
However, he was an unused member of the squad in India earlier this year when offspinner Todd Murphy and left-arm spinner Matt Kuhnemann were preferred.
Due to his presence in Australia's squad, Swepson went more than two months without bowling in a competitive game between the end of January and the start of April where he feature in the A series against New Zealand.
Swepson's signing continues Glamorgan's strong links with Queensland, adding to Neser and Marnus Labuschagne's spells with the county.
Neser is one five pace bowlers in Australia's Test squad after he was retained after the India Test. Mitchell Starc is in contention to replace Scott Boland at Lord's after England's batters took Boland for nearly six-an-over at Edgbaston.